While it’s still unclear whether air frying results in less AGE production compared to deep frying, consuming too many AGEs over time may increase the risks of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer and Alzheimer’s disease, according to a 2019 review in American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. Figure 11. Adjusted asthma hospital admissions (HA) by age on lagged ozone by alert status, ages 5-19. Neidell, M. “Information, Avoidance Behavior, and Health: The Effect of Ozone on Asthma Hospitalizations.” Journal of Human Resources 44.2 (2009): 450-478. © 2009 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Figure 11, reproduced from Neidell (2009), shows covariate-adjusted asthma hospital admissions as a function of daily maximum one-hour ozone concentration for all days (gray line) and days when no ozone alert was issued (black line). The lower rate of admissions observed when alert days were included in the analysis suggests that averting behavior reduced ozone exposure and asthma hospital admissions. An analysis of the six states’ data in the BRFSS indicated that those that had ever received a health professional’s advice about the AQI were two to three times more likely to report a change in outdoor activity based on an air quality alert.

Although they are more common in industrial spaces, you might find a gate valve on major water pipes around your property or near your water boiler. In the “Patient Education Tools” module of this course, you can find a fact sheet that can help you provide advice to asthma patients. The “Patient Education Tools” module contains a fact sheet that can help you provide advice to patients with heart disease. The “Patient Education Tools” module contains Air Quality and Outdoor Activity Guidance for Schools that can help you provide advice to parents of children. See the “Patient Education Tools” section of the course for a printable file of the poster. “Patient Education Tools” also has downloadable fact sheets for your office to print for patients with heart disease or asthma. For people with heart disease, exposure to high particle pollution levels can cause serious problems in a short period of time-even heart attacks-with no warning signs. These symptoms indicate they should reduce exposure to particle pollution and follow your advice.

Symptoms such as chest pain or tightness, palpitations, shortness of breath, or unusual fatigue may indicate a serious problem. Thus, these patients should not assume that they are safe just because they do not have symptoms. For example, people with asthma should carefully follow their asthma action plans when particle pollution levels are high. The AQI advisories for particle pollution have not been in place as long as those for ozone, so, currently, there is no evidence of reductions in particle pollution exposures, morbidity, or mortality due to averting behaviors in response to particle pollution advisories. However, the authors noted that there was appreciable variation in both the overall amount of time spent outdoors and the reduction in outdoor time on high ozone days among children with asthma, with the reductions seen in children whose parents reported that they were sensitive to air pollution. For children aged 5-19, hospital admissions were higher on high-ozone days when no alert was issued, especially on days with ozone concentrations above 150 ppb. This suggests that in the absence of information that would enable averting behavior, children experience higher ozone exposure and, subsequently, a greater number of asthma hospital admissions than on alert days with similar ozone concentrations.

Children with asthma who spent at least some time outdoors reduced their total time spent outdoors by an average of 30 minutes on a “code red” ozone day (AQI category is Unhealthy) relative to a code green, yellow, or orange day. We could potentially be developing methods to teach children in schools about water sustainability topics, teaching schools about rainwater harvesting methods, helping with documentation for rainwater harvesting infrastructure that’s already been installed, inspecting hand dug wells all over Bengaluru to monitor water levels, cleanliness, and meet with the well diggers, or continue to work on the project we visited today to determine the total catchment area of the lake and monitor the rejuvenation process. This is part of the “lifeboat”, a wing of the station with redundant infrastructure that could function on its own in case the rest of the station were compromised. While healthy children do not usually experience serious health effects from short-term exposures to particle pollution, evidence indicates that long-term exposures can affect lung function growth. The EPA designed a colorful poster (Figure 12), which you can use in patient waiting areas or exam rooms to educate your patients about the health effects of outdoor air pollution, including particle pollution, on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.