Find yourself drinking lots of expensive sparkling water? Find out how on the next page! Squabbles erupted over details big and small, from how to measure the river’s flow to how to portion out its supply. Using CFM alone to rate a compressor is ambiguous because it represents a flow rate without a pressure reference. When the air car surpasses that speed, a motor will kick in to operate the in-car air compressor so it can compress more air on the fly and provide extra power to the engine. The color white reflects sunlight (heat) more than darker colors, and as ice is so white, sunlight is reflected back out to the sky, which helps to create weather patterns. Longer-reach spark plugs with the metal deflection shields were used to protect wiring and plug caps from manifold heat. What they found was some groups, or clades, of dinosaurs (including the long-necked sauropods) do grow larger over time, as Cope’s Rule suggests. Pterosaurs, for instance, conquered the skies long before the first dinosaurs. Viegas, Jennifer. “Why dinosaurs were so huge.” Discovery.

Finally, other evidence points to why prehistoric animals grew so massive, including those that took to the air. Additionally, abundant vegetation and fewer seasonal changes provided a stable food supply for these large animals. Hone, David W.E. ” The evolution of large size: how does Cope’s Rule work?” Trends in Ecology & Evolution. Alroy, John. “Cope’s Rule and the Dynamics of Body Mass Evolution in North American Fossil Mammals.” Science. Sander, Martin P. “Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: the evolution of gigantism.” Biological Reviews. Switek, Brian. “Whales vs. Dinosaurs: What’s the biggest animal of all time?” Slate. They then used that femur data in their statistical model to look for two things: directional trends in size over time and whether there were any detectable upper limits for body size. Some say that if you’ll be idling for 10 seconds or more, you’re better off just shutting off the car until it’s time to move again. Others say that a minute of idling is OK, but after that you’re wasting fuel. Calculating your car’s ideal speed for fuel economy is much more complicated. The ideal speed tends to be between 40 and 60 miles per hour (64.4 and 96.6 kilometers per hour), with sportier cars topping out at the higher speeds and larger vehicles at the lower end of that spectrum.

Some drivers take these fuel-saving driving habits to the extreme, getting as much as 100 miles (160.9 kilometers) per gallon! They had wingspans of 32.8 feet (10 meters) and weighed as much as 440 pounds (200 kilograms). In fact, every 6 pounds (2.7 kilograms) of fuel you burn creates 19 pounds (8.6 kilograms) of harmful carbon dioxide, along with other emissions that contribute to global warming and air pollution. It only takes a couple of seconds, and you’ll save on fuel. Instead, you can ride out your car’s momentum and take advantage of your engine’s idle revolutions per minute to save some gas. We’ve got some solid tips and techniques to help you increase your miles per gallon (mpg) and save yourself a trip to the pump! For our U.S. readers, the best place to start planning your pet’s trip is with the U.S. Whether you take the short or the long estimate, once you start paying attention to idling, you might be surprised at how often you do it. In fact, driving will warm up your car faster than idling in the driveway, so your car’s heater will actually start working faster if you just hit the road. While the speed at which the drag becomes more of a fuel drain than the AC varies from car to car, in general you want to rely on windows for in-town driving and switch to the air conditioner when you hit the highway.

Flash floods hit an area soon after water begins to accumulate (whether from excessive rain or another cause), so a lot of the time, people don’t see them coming. Loose pulleys can also cause problems. Not only can gassing up the car get expensive, but driving is also not so hot for the environment. While running the AC saps power from the engine and reduces fuel economy, driving with the windows down increases drag and costs you miles per gallon by making your car less aerodynamic. For every 5 miles (8 kilometers) per hour you’re driving over 55 (88.5), you’re essentially raising your gas prices by 21 cents per gallon, and that’s assuming the price at the pump is only $3 per gallon. You might get to your destination more quickly if you’re going 65 versus 55 miles per hour (104.6 versus 88.5 kilometers per hour), but you’re decreasing your car’s fuel efficiency by around 15 percent while you’re at it. Changing the air filter, for example, doesn’t improve your car’s mileage, and neither does filling up your tank in the morning while the weather and fuel are cooler.